What should divers do during a controlled ascent?

During a controlled ascent, divers should focus on controlling their ascent rate and making stops at designated depths, which is crucial for allowing excess nitrogen absorbed during the dive to safely off-gas from their bodies. This practice helps prevent decompression sickness, which can occur if divers ascend too quickly, as rapid ascents can lead to the formation of nitrogen bubbles in the bloodstream and tissues.

Stopping at designated depths, known as safety stops, typically around 15-20 feet, can further decrease the risks associated with nitrogen absorption and ensure divers are returning to the surface in a safe manner. This practice is especially important after deeper or longer dives. It encourages a gradual return to normal pressure, which supports the body's ability to handle the reduction in ambient pressure effectively.

In contrast, ascending as quickly as possible would directly increase the risk of decompression sickness, and while checking equipment is important for safety, pausing every 5 feet is not a standard or necessary practice for ascent. Lastly, while following a buddy’s ascent rate can be beneficial, divers need to maintain control of their own ascent regardless of their buddy's speed, ensuring each diver adheres to safe practices based on their own dive profile and conditions.